ABI Bioinformatics Guide 2024
  • INTRODUCTION
    • How to use the guide
  • MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
    • The Cell
      • Cells and Their Organelles
      • Cell Specialisation
      • Quiz 1
    • Biological Molecules
      • Carbohydrates
      • Lipids
      • Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA)
      • Quiz 2
      • Proteins
      • Catalysis of Biological Reactions
      • Quiz 3
    • Information Flow in the Cell
      • DNA Replication
      • Gene Expression: Transcription
      • Gene Expression: RNA Processing
      • Quiz 4
      • Chromatin and Chromosomes
      • Regulation of Gene Expression
      • Quiz 5
      • The Genetic Code
      • Gene Expression: Translation
    • Cell Cycle and Cell Division
      • Quiz 6
    • Mutations and Variations
      • Point mutations
      • Genotype-Phenotype Interactions
      • Quiz 7
  • PROGRAMMING
    • Python for Genomics
    • R programming (optional)
  • STATISTICS: THEORY
    • Introduction to Probability
      • Conditional Probability
      • Independent Events
    • Random Variables
      • Independent, Dependent and Controlled Variables
    • Data distribution PMF, PDF, CDF
    • Mean, Variance of a Random Variable
    • Some Common Distributions
    • Exploratory Statistics: Mean, Median, Quantiles, Variance/SD
    • Data Visualization
    • Confidence Intervals
    • Comparison tests, p-value, z-score
    • Multiple test correction: Bonferroni, FDR
    • Regression & Correlation
    • Dimentionality Reduction
      • PCA (Principal Component Analysis)
      • t-SNE (t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding)
      • UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection)
    • QUIZ
  • STATISTICS & PROGRAMMING
  • BIOINFORMATICS ALGORITHMS
    • Introduction
    • DNA strings and sequencing file formats
    • Read alignment: exact matching
    • Indexing before alignment
    • Read alignment: approximate matching
    • Global and local alignment
  • NGS DATA ANALYSIS & FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS
    • Experimental Techniques
      • Polymerase Chain Reaction
      • Sanger (first generation) Sequencing Technologies
      • Next (second) Generation Sequencing technologies
      • The third generation of sequencing technologies
    • The Linux Command-line
      • Connecting to the Server
      • The Linux Command-Line For Beginners
      • The Bash Terminal
    • File formats, alignment, and genomic features
      • FASTA & FASTQ file formats
      • Basic Unix Commands for Genomics
      • Sequences and Genomic Features Part 1
      • Sequences and Genomic Features Part 2: SAMtools
      • Sequences and Genomic Features Part 3: BEDtools
    • Genetic variations & variant calling
      • Genomic Variations
      • Alignment and variant detection: Practical
      • Integrative Genomics Viewer
      • Variant Calling with GATK
    • RNA Sequencing & Gene expression
      • Gene expression and how we measure it
      • Gene expression quantification and normalization
      • Explorative analysis of gene expression
      • Differential expression analysis with DESeq2
      • Functional enrichment analysis
    • Single-cell Sequencing and Data Analysis
      • scRNA-seq Data Analysis Workflow
      • scRNA-seq Data Visualization Methods
  • FINAL REMARKS
Powered by GitBook
On this page
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Gel electrophoresis

Was this helpful?

  1. NGS DATA ANALYSIS & FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS
  2. Experimental Techniques

Polymerase Chain Reaction

PreviousExperimental TechniquesNextSanger (first generation) Sequencing Technologies

Last updated 9 months ago

Was this helpful?

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a revolutionary molecular biology technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences. Developed in the 1980s, PCR enables researchers to produce millions of copies of a particular DNA segment quickly and efficiently. This process involves repeated cycles of heating and cooling to denature the DNA, anneal primers, and extend new DNA strands with the help of a DNA polymerase enzyme. PCR is widely used in various fields, including medical diagnostics, forensic science, and genetic research, making it an essential tool for DNA analysis and manipulation.

Watch the video below to understand how PCR works.

Gel electrophoresis

Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory technique used to separate mixtures of DNA, RNA, or proteins according to their size and charge. This method involves applying an electric current to a gel matrix, typically made of agarose or polyacrylamide. Molecules migrate through the gel at different rates, allowing for the separation and analysis of the components in the mixture.

Gel electrophoresis is commonly used to analyze the results of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR amplifies specific DNA sequences, producing a large number of copies of a particular DNA fragment. Gel electrophoresis allows researchers to verify the success of the PCR amplification and to determine the size of the amplified DNA fragments.

Watch the video below to understand how electrophoresis works.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (video) | Khan AcademyKhan Academy
Gel electrophoresis (video) | Biotechnology | Khan AcademyKhan Academy
Logo
Logo